respondent's substantive participation status regarding the federal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')

respondent's participation status regarding the cantonal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')

respondent's substantive participation status regarding the cantonal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')

dummy value indicating whether or not the User-Agent string of the respondent's web browser corresponds to a mobile device (smartphone, tablet etc.; only online respondents)

respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "JA! für euse Wald" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_2_cantonal_proposal_1 and passed_skill_question_3_cantonal_proposal_1; only voters)

respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "JA! für euse Wald", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_cantonal_proposal_1; only voters)

respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Ständeratswahlrecht für Auslandschweizerinnen und Auslandschweizer" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_2, passed_skill_question_2_cantonal_proposal_2 and passed_skill_question_3_cantonal_proposal_2; only voters)

respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Ständeratswahlrecht für Auslandschweizerinnen und Auslandschweizer", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_cantonal_proposal_2; only voters)

respondent's latent expertise on all cantonal proposals together (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_2_cantonal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_3_cantonal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_2, passed_skill_question_2_cantonal_proposal_2 and passed_skill_question_3_cantonal_proposal_2; only voters)

respondent's latent expertise on all cantonal proposals together, measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_cantonal_proposals; only voters)