respondent's year of birth (own statement)
respondent's sex (own statement)
how attached the respondent feels to the canton of Aargau
respondent's interest in politics in the canton of Aargau
respondent's participation status at the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')
whether or not indecision was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not indecision was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not disinterest in the voting topics was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not disinterest in the voting topics was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not the voting topics being too complicated was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not the voting topics being too complicated was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not being unable to attend was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that referendums don't change anything anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that referendums don't change anything anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not to think that your own vote doesn't matter anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that your own vote doesn't matter anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not the respondent forgot to take part in the vote (only non-voters)
whether or not the respondent forgot to take part in the cantonal vote (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
whether or not to think that the result of the vote was clear anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that the result of the vote was clear anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting on cantonal matters (only cantonal non-participating online respondents)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsinitiative)»" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Änderung des Bundesgesetzes über die direkte Bundessteuer (Steuerliche Berücksichtigung der Kinderdrittbetreuungskosten)" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Änderung des Erwerbsersatzgesetzes (indirekter Gegenvorschlag zur Volksinitiative «Für einen vernünftigen Vaterschaftsurlaub – zum Nutzen der ganzen Familie»)" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Bundesbeschluss über die Beschaffung neuer Kampfflugzeuge" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (only voters)
importance the respondent attaches to the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule"
importance the respondent attaches to the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)"
whether or not the respondent would be personally affected by the adoption of the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule"
whether or not the respondent would be personally affected by the adoption of the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsinitiative)»"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Änderung des Bundesgesetzes über die direkte Bundessteuer (Steuerliche Berücksichtigung der Kinderdrittbetreuungskosten)"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Änderung des Erwerbsersatzgesetzes (indirekter Gegenvorschlag zur Volksinitiative «Für einen vernünftigen Vaterschaftsurlaub – zum Nutzen der ganzen Familie»)"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Bundesbeschluss über die Beschaffung neuer Kampfflugzeuge"
respondent's information level on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule"
respondent's information level on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)"
whether or not the respondent would still have participated in the ballot if only federal and no cantonal proposals had been put to the vote (only federal and cantonal participants)
whether or not the respondent would still have participated in the ballot if only cantonal and no federal proposals had been put to the vote (only federal and cantonal participants)
level of difficulty in understanding the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" for the respondent (only voters)
level of difficulty in understanding the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" for the respondent (only voters)
respondent's time of decision concerning the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (only voters)
respondent's time of decision concerning the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (only voters)
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The abolition of school board system contributes to a lean state, as administrative expenses are reduced and tax money is freed up for other purposes." in favor of the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führ
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "The abolition of school boards means a reduction in democracy, because without them no school-specific expert committee can be elected anymore." against the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstru
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "Under the new school management system, responsibilities and competencies are more clearly defined and financial and strategic decisions come from a single source, which is much more efficient." in favor of the c
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "With the new system, decision-making powers can be delegated without limits to individual members of the municipal council or to the school management. This can lead to a dangerous concentration of power." aga
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The new energy law contributes to making Aargau more independent of imports (e.g. heating oil) and thus to increasing supply security." in favor of the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (Energie
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "Anything that saves energy in a meaningful way will prevail even without compulsion. Hence there is no need for new regulations." against the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (on
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The modifications to buildings and heating systems necessitated by the new energy law will create jobs in the canton and thus make a major contribution to regional value creation." in favor of the cantonal propos
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "The new energy law goes too far, as it contains regulations that would not be absolutely necessary to implement federal law." against the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (only v
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The abolition of school board system contributes to a lean state, as administrative expenses are reduced and tax money is freed up for other purposes." in favor of the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisati
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "The abolition of school boards means a reduction in democracy, because without them no school-specific expert committee can be elected anymore." against the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der F
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "Under the new school management system, responsibilities and competencies are more clearly defined and financial and strategic decisions come from a single source, which is much more efficient." in fa
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "With the new system, decision-making powers can be delegated without limits to individual members of the municipal council or to the school management. This can lead to a dangerous concentration of
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The new energy law contributes to making Aargau more independent of imports (e.g. heating oil) and thus to increasing supply security." in favor of the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aar
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "Anything that saves energy in a meaningful way will prevail even without compulsion. Hence there is no need for new regulations." against the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (En
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The modifications to buildings and heating systems necessitated by the new energy law will create jobs in the canton and thus make a major contribution to regional value creation." in favor of the can
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "The new energy law goes too far, as it contains regulations that would not be absolutely necessary to implement federal law." against the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (Energi
respondent's answer to the skill question "What agreement with the European Union (EU) is the primary issue in the vote on the federal «Begrenzungsinitiative»" about the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsinit
respondent's answer to the skill question "How large was the net immigration (difference between immigration and emigration) from the EU to Switzerland last year?" about the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsin
respondent's answer to the skill question "If the Treaty on the Free Movement of Persons with the EU is terminated, which of the following agreements automatically cease to be in force within six months as a result of the so-called guillotine clause?" abou
respondent's answer to the skill question "What is new compared to the current hunting law?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "How many sheep and goats have been killed by wolves yearly since 2009?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "Which of the following parties and organizations have issued a Yes recommendation on the hunting law?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "The members of the school board in a municipality…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "Following the abolition of school boards, their tasks are fulfilled by…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (1st answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "The new school law allows the delegation of personnel decisions…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (1st answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "Aargau's cantonal energy law aims to implement the federal government's Energy Strategy 2050 in the building sector. What percentage of total energy consumption in Switzerland is accounted for by the building sect
respondent's answer to the skill question "The new energy law requires that a certain percentage of the energy demand must be covered by renewable energy when replacing the heating system. How large is this percentage?" about the cantonal proposal "Energie
respondent's answer to the skill question "In the final vote in the Grand Council, which parties voted by a majority against the law?" about the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
whether or not the respondent used free newspapers and free online journalism / news sites to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used paid newspapers / magazines (on- and offline) to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the official cantonal voting booklet to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used radio programs to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used television programs to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the official cantonal webpage to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used readers' letters or online comments to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used social media like Facebook or Twitter to learn about the cantonal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the "easyvote" booklet to learn about the cantonal proposals
how often the respondent discussed the cantonal proposals with acquaintances
whether or not the respondent saw political advertisings such as street posters, flyers, online advertisements, etc. for or against the cantonal proposals
respondent's primary source of political information (on- vs. offline)
importance the respondent attaches to the position of the cantonal government of Aargau regarding his/her voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (only participating online respondents)
importance the respondent attaches to the position of the cantonal government of Aargau regarding his/her voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (only participating online respondents)
importance the respondent attaches to the position of the cantonal parliament of Aargau regarding his/her voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (only participating online respondents)
importance the respondent attaches to the position of the cantonal parliament of Aargau regarding his/her voting decision on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (only participating online respondents)
the political party the respondent feels closest to his/her own political stance
respondent's left-right self-positioning
respondent's preferred level of Switzerland opening up to foreign countries
respondent's preferred level of equality of opportunities for foreigners in relation to Swiss nationals
respondent's attitude towards the opposition between an extended social welfare state and more individual responsibility
respondent's attitude towards the opposition between state intervention and market competition
respondent's marital status (own statement)
respondent's denomination or religious community
respondent's highest level of education
respondent's current employment situation
respondent's former employment situation (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's current employment level (only economically active persons)
respondent's former employment level (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's professional position (only employees)
respondent's former professional position (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's occupational sector (only economically active persons)
respondent's former occupational sector (only economically inactive online respondents)
size of the company the respondent works for (only economically active persons)
size of the company the respondent works for (only economically inactive online respondents)
sector of the company the respondent works for (only economically active persons)
sector of the company the respondent worked for (only economically inactive online respondents)
number of persons living in respondent's household
number of underaged persons living in respondent's household
respondent's housing situation
the respondent's citizenship(s) at birth
whether the respondent's parents were born in Switzerland or abroad
respondent's monthly gross household income
how well the respondent gets along with his income
respondent's personal share of gross household income (only persons not living alone)
respondent's questionnaire number (every (partially) completed questionnaire gets a sequential number assigned starting from 1)
the channel through which the respondent answered the questionnaire
the way the questionnaire was provisioned to the respondent
respondent's questionnaire completion status
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent received a postal reminder
respondent's district of residence
lower age limit of the municipal subscription of the "easyvote" booklet
upper age limit of the municipal subscription of the "easyvote" booklet
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality size class ("Gemeinde-Grössenklasse")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Space with urban character ("Raum mit städtischem Charakter 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Agglomeration size class 2012 ("Agglomerationsgrössenklasse 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: (Statistical) cities 2012 ("(Statistische) Städte 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Eurostat's degree of urbanisation 2011 (DEGURBA)
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality typology 2012 in 9 categories ("Gemeindetypologie 2012 (9 Kategorien)")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality typology 2012 in 25 categories ("Gemeindetypologie 2012 (25 Kategorien)")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: City/rural typology 2012 ("Stadt/Land-Typologie 2012")
dummy value indicating whether or not respondent is working (additional routing question for students and pensioners; only online respondents)
date and time when the respondent started to answer the questionnaire (only online respondents)
date and time when the respondent last accessed the questionnaire (only online respondents)
time in seconds it took the respondent to complete the whole questionnaire (only online respondents)
time in seconds the respondent spent on the survey introduction page (only online respondents)
date on which the survey institute received the print questionnaire back by postal mail (only print respondents)
date of the ballot
type of the ballot
respondent's sex (official cantonal register information)
respondent's year of birth (official cantonal register information)
respondent's marital status (official cantonal register information)
number of persons living in respondent's household (official cantonal register information)
number of underaged persons living in respondent's household (official cantonal register information)
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent's own statement about his/her sex matches the official cantonal register information
difference in years between the respondent's own statement about his/her year of birth and the official cantonal register information
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by participation (using an iterative proportional fitting procedure)
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by voting_decision_federal_proposal_1, voting_decision_federal_proposal_2, voting_decision_federal_proposal_3, voting_decision_federal_proposal_4, voting_decision_federal_proposal_5, voting
respondent's age at the end of the year of the ballot_date (derived from year_of_birth_official)
respondent's age group (derived from age)
respondent's left-right self-positioning (reduced)
importance (reduced) the respondent attaches to the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule"
importance (reduced) the respondent attaches to the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)"
respondent's marital status (own statement; reduced)
respondent's marital status (official cantonal register information; reduced)
respondent's denomination or religious community (reduced)
respondent's highest level of education (reduced)
respondent's current employment situation (reduced)
the political party (recoded extended set) the respondent feels closest to his/her own political stance
respondent's monthly gross equivalised income (OECD square root scale) based on average monthly gross household income
empirical quarter the respondent's monthly gross equivalised income belongs in
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "What agreement with the European Union (EU) is the primary issue in the vote on the federal «Begrenzungsinitiative»" about the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "How large was the net immigration (difference between immigration and emigration) from the EU to Switzerland last year?" about the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für ei
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "If the Treaty on the Free Movement of Persons with the EU is terminated, which of the following agreements automatically cease to be in force within six months as a result of
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "What is new compared to the current hunting law?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" correctly (only voters)
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "How many sheep and goats have been killed by wolves yearly since 2009?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" correctly (only voters)
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "Which of the following parties and organizations have issued a Yes recommendation on the hunting law?" about the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" correctly (only
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "The members of the school board in a municipality…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" correctly (only voters)
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "Following the abolition of school boards, their tasks are fulfilled by…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" corr
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "The new school law allows the delegation of personnel decisions…" about the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" correctly (
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "Aargau's cantonal energy law aims to implement the federal government's Energy Strategy 2050 in the building sector. What percentage of total energy consumption in Switzerlan
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "The new energy law requires that a certain percentage of the energy demand must be covered by renewable energy when replacing the heating system. How large is this percentage
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "In the final vote in the Grand Council, which parties voted by a majority against the law?" about the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" correctl
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent automatically receives the "easyvote" booklet by postal mail (requires that the respondent's municipality has subscribed to this service for the respondent's age range)
respondent's substantive participation status at the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')
respondent's participation status regarding the federal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')
respondent's substantive participation status regarding the federal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')
respondent's participation status regarding the cantonal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')
respondent's substantive participation status regarding the cantonal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')
dummy value indicating whether or not the User-Agent string of the respondent's web browser corresponds to a mobile device (smartphone, tablet etc.; only online respondents)
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsinitiative)»" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_q
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Volksinitiative «Für eine massvolle Zuwanderung (Begrenzungsinitiative)»", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_federal_proposal_1; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_federal_proposal_2, passed_skill_questi
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Änderung des Jagdgesetzes", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_federal_proposal_2; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on all federal proposals together (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_federal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_2_federal_propos
respondent's latent expertise on all federal proposals together, measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_federal_proposals; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_
respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Neuorganisation der Führungsstrukturen der Aargauer Volksschule", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_cantonal_proposal_1; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_2,
respondent's latent expertise on the cantonal proposal "Energiegesetz des Kantons Aargau (EnergieG)", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_cantonal_proposal_2; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on all cantonal proposals together (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_cantonal_proposal_1, passed_skill_question_2_cantonal_pro