respondent's year of birth (own statement)
respondent's sex (own statement)
how attached the respondent feels to the canton of Aargau
respondent's interest in Swiss politics
respondent's participation status at the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')
whether or not indecision was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not disinterest in the voting topics was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not the voting topics being too complicated was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not being unable to attend was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that referendums don't change anything anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that your own vote doesn't matter anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
whether or not the respondent forgot to take part in the vote (only non-voters)
whether or not to think that the result of the vote was clear anyway was a reason for the respondent to abstain from voting (only non-voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (only voters)
respondent's voting decision on the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)" (only voters)
importance the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)"
importance the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)"
importance the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)"
whether or not the respondent would be personally affected by the adoption of the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)"
whether or not the respondent would be personally affected by the adoption of the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)"
whether or not the respondent would be personally affected by the adoption of the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)"
respondent's information level on the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)"
level of difficulty in understanding the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)" for the respondent (only voters)
level of difficulty in understanding the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" for the respondent (only voters)
level of difficulty in understanding the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)" for the respondent (only v
respondent's time of decision concerning the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)" (only voters)
respondent's time of decision concerning the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (only voters)
respondent's time of decision concerning the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)" (only voters)
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "By having the parliament decide on the (re)election of federal judges every six years, the separation of powers between the legislative and judicial branches is violated." in favor of the federal proposal "Bestim
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "Leaving anything to chance (drawing lots) in the election for such an important office as that of federal judges is unreasonable." against the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrich
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The fact that, under the current system, federal judge candidates de facto have to be party members and commit to paying a mandate tax to their party jeopardizes their independence." in favor of the federal propo
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "The common party affiliation of federal judges today creates transparency about their political views." against the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The Covid-19 Act enables the state to get a larger part of the Swiss economy through the crisis intact by expanding financial aid programs." in favor of the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bund
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "The unvaccinated are being discriminated against by new measures in the Covid-19 Act, such as the certificate requirement." against the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über d
respondent's agreement to the pro-argument "The certificate requirement in the Covid-19 Act is proportionate because it allows for normalization of economic and social life without unnecessarily burdening the health care system." in favor of the federal pr
respondent's agreement to the contra-argument "The Federal Council is given too much power by being able to set criteria and benchmarks for restrictions and relaxations on its own." against the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgeset
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "By having the parliament decide on the (re)election of federal judges every six years, the separation of powers between the legislative and judicial branches is violated." in favor of the federal prop
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "Leaving anything to chance (drawing lots) in the election for such an important office as that of federal judges is unreasonable." against the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen un
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The fact that, under the current system, federal judge candidates de facto have to be party members and commit to paying a mandate tax to their party jeopardizes their independence." in favor of the f
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "The common party affiliation of federal judges today creates transparency about their political views." against the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfa
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The Covid-19 Act enables the state to get a larger part of the Swiss economy through the crisis intact by expanding financial aid programs." in favor of the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "The unvaccinated are being discriminated against by new measures in the Covid-19 Act, such as the certificate requirement." against the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgese
importance the respondent attaches to the pro-argument "The certificate requirement in the Covid-19 Act is proportionate because it allows for normalization of economic and social life without unnecessarily burdening the health care system." in favor of th
importance the respondent attaches to the contra-argument "The Federal Council is given too much power by being able to set criteria and benchmarks for restrictions and relaxations on its own." against the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des
respondent's answer to the skill question "Who has elected the members of the Federal Supreme Court so far?" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (2nd answer is correct; only v
respondent's answer to the skill question "The Justice Initiative demands that from now…" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (2nd answer is correct; only voters)
respondent's answer to the skill question "The current election procedure for federal judges ensures that…" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (4th answer is correct; only
respondent's answer to the skill question "When do the changes to the Covid-19 Act now being voted on go into effect?" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bunde
respondent's answer to the skill question "What exactly does proof of a valid Swiss Covid certificate entail? That the person in question…" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für
respondent's answer to the skill question "What happens if the changes to the Covid-19 Act are rejected?" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Be
whether or not the respondent used free newspapers and free online journalism / news sites to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used paid newspapers / magazines (on- and offline) to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the official federal voting booklet to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used radio programs to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used television programs to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the official federal webpage to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used readers' letters or online comments to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used social media like Facebook or Twitter to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used public chat groups (e.g. via Telegram) to learn about the federal proposals (only voters)
whether or not the respondent used the "easyvote" booklet to learn about the federal proposals
how often the respondent discussed the federal proposals with acquaintances
respondent's primary source of political information (on- vs. offline)
whether the respondent wants as many fellow human beings as possible to be vaccinated
respondent's COVID-19 vaccination status
respondent's assessment of the current political measures to fight the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland
respondent's assessment of the federal COVID-19 crisis management so far
respondent's assessment of the cantonal COVID-19 crisis management so far
the political party the respondent feels closest to his/her own political stance
respondent's left-right self-positioning
respondent's trust in the cantonal government of Aargau
respondent's trust in the cantonal parliament of Aargau
respondent's trust in the Swiss democracy
respondent's trust in the federal government
respondent's trust in the federal parliament
respondent's trust in the federal public health office
respondent's trust in the cantonal public health office
respondent's trust in the Swiss Radio and Television (SRF)
respondent's trust in the Swiss National COVID-19 Science Task Force
respondent's trust in specialists for infectious diseases (epidemiology, virology, etc.)
respondent's trust in pharmaceutical manufacturers
respondent's preferred term of office for federal judges
respondent's preferred level of Switzerland opening up to foreign countries
respondent's preferred level of equality of opportunities for foreigners in relation to Swiss nationals
respondent's attitude towards the opposition between an extended social welfare state and more individual responsibility
respondent's attitude towards the opposition between state intervention and market competition
respondent's attitude towards the continuation of e-voting for Swiss abroad in the canton of Aargau (only online respondents)
respondent's attitude towards the general introduction of e-voting in the canton of Aargau (only online respondents)
respondent's marital status (own statement)
respondent's denomination or religious community
respondent's highest level of education
respondent's current employment situation
respondent's former employment situation (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's current employment level (only economically active persons)
respondent's former employment level (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's professional position (only employees)
respondent's former professional position (only economically inactive online respondents)
respondent's occupational sector (only economically active persons)
respondent's former occupational sector (only economically inactive online respondents)
size of the company the respondent works for (only economically active persons)
size of the company the respondent works for (only economically inactive online respondents)
sector of the company the respondent works for (only economically active persons)
sector of the company the respondent worked for (only economically inactive online respondents)
number of persons living in respondent's household
number of underaged persons living in respondent's household
respondent's housing situation
the respondent's citizenship(s) at birth
whether the respondent's parents were born in Switzerland or abroad
respondent's monthly gross household income
how well the respondent gets along with his income
respondent's personal share of gross household income (only persons not living alone)
respondent's questionnaire number (every (partially) completed questionnaire gets a sequential number assigned starting from 1)
the channel through which the respondent answered the questionnaire
the way the questionnaire was provisioned to the respondent
respondent's questionnaire completion status
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent received a postal reminder
respondent's district of residence
lower age limit of the municipal subscription of the "easyvote" booklet
upper age limit of the municipal subscription of the "easyvote" booklet
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality size class ("Gemeinde-Grössenklasse")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Space with urban character ("Raum mit städtischem Charakter 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Agglomeration size class 2012 ("Agglomerationsgrössenklasse 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: (Statistical) cities 2012 ("(Statistische) Städte 2012")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Eurostat's degree of urbanisation 2011 (DEGURBA)
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality typology 2012 in 9 categories ("Gemeindetypologie 2012 (9 Kategorien)")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: Municipality typology 2012 in 25 categories ("Gemeindetypologie 2012 (25 Kategorien)")
Spatial typology by the Federal Statistical Office (FSO) of respondent's place of residence: City/rural typology 2012 ("Stadt/Land-Typologie 2012")
dummy value indicating whether or not respondent is working (additional routing question for students and pensioners; only online respondents)
date and time when the respondent started to answer the questionnaire (only online respondents)
date and time when the respondent last accessed the questionnaire (only online respondents)
time in seconds it took the respondent to complete the whole questionnaire (only online respondents)
time in seconds the respondent spent on the survey introduction page (only online respondents)
date on which the survey institute received the print questionnaire back by postal mail (only print respondents)
date of the ballot
type of the ballot
respondent's sex (official cantonal register information)
respondent's year of birth (official cantonal register information)
respondent's marital status (official cantonal register information)
number of persons living in respondent's household (official cantonal register information)
number of underaged persons living in respondent's household (official cantonal register information)
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent's own statement about his/her sex matches the official cantonal register information
difference in years between the respondent's own statement about his/her year of birth and the official cantonal register information
whether or not the respondent received at least one COVID-19 vaccination
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by participation (using an iterative proportional fitting procedure)
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by voting_decision_federal_proposal_1, voting_decision_federal_proposal_2 and voting_decision_federal_proposal_3 (using an iterative proportional fitting procedure; only voters)
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by is_vaccinated_covid (using an iterative proportional fitting procedure; only voters)
the weight assigned to the respondent as a result of the weighting by voting_decision_federal_proposal_1, voting_decision_federal_proposal_2, voting_decision_federal_proposal_3 and is_vaccinated_covid (using an iterative proportional fitting procedure; onl
respondent's age at the end of the year of the ballot_date (derived from year_of_birth_official)
respondent's age group (derived from age)
respondent's left-right self-positioning (reduced)
respondent's trust in the cantonal government of Aargau (reduced)
respondent's trust in the cantonal parliament of Aargau (reduced)
respondent's trust in the Swiss democracy (reduced)
importance (reduced) the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Für eine starke Pflege (Pflegeinitiative)"
importance (reduced) the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)"
importance (reduced) the respondent attaches to the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)"
respondent's marital status (own statement; reduced)
respondent's marital status (official cantonal register information; reduced)
respondent's denomination or religious community (reduced)
respondent's highest level of education (reduced)
respondent's current employment situation (reduced)
the political party (recoded extended set) the respondent feels closest to his/her own political stance
respondent's monthly gross equivalised income (OECD square root scale) based on average monthly gross household income
empirical quarter the respondent's monthly gross equivalised income belongs in
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "Who has elected the members of the Federal Supreme Court so far?" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Init
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "The Justice Initiative demands that from now…" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" correctl
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "The current election procedure for federal judges ensures that…" about the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Ini
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "When do the changes to the Covid-19 Act now being voted on go into effect?" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "What exactly does proof of a valid Swiss Covid certificate entail? That the person in question…" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent answered the skill question "What happens if the changes to the Covid-19 Act are rejected?" about the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen f
dummy value indicating whether or not the respondent automatically receives the "easyvote" booklet by postal mail (requires that the respondent's municipality has subscribed to this service for the respondent's age range)
respondent's substantive participation status at the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')
respondent's participation status regarding the federal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'participated')
respondent's substantive participation status regarding the federal proposals of the current ballot (blank votes count as 'not participated')
dummy value indicating whether or not the User-Agent string of the respondent's web browser corresponds to a mobile device (smartphone, tablet etc.; only online respondents)
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)" (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with pa
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Bestimmung der Bundesrichterinnen und Bundesrichter im Losverfahren (Justiz-Initiative)", measured in 5 discrete categories (based on latent_expertise_federal_proposal_2; only voters)
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)" (based on a 2–3 parameter lo
respondent's latent expertise on the federal proposal "Änderung vom 19. März 2021 des Bundesgesetzes über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für Verordnungen des Bundesrates zur Bewältigung der Covid-19-Epidemie (Covid-Gesetz)", measured in 5 discrete catego
respondent's latent expertise on all federal proposals together (based on a 2–3 parameter logistic Item Response Theory (IRT) model, also known as Birnbaum model, fed with passed_skill_question_1_federal_proposal_2, passed_skill_question_2_federal_propos